• International Calendar 2026


Ecuador

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosna i Hercegovina

Southeastern Europe

AREA 19.7K mi2; 51.2K km2 [128th largest of 257 countries]

ARABLE 19.7% 

POP 3.8M(193/mi2; 74/km2) [131st highest of 237 countries]

GOV’T Parliamentary republic 

CAPITAL Sarajevo (346K) 

GDP/CAPITA $15,700 

UNEMPLOYMENT 15% 

IN POVERTY 17% 

LIFE EXP 78 years 

MEDIAN AGE 44 yrs 

INFANT MORT 5/1K live births (177th

LITERACY 98% 

LANGUAGES Bosnian, Serbian, and Croatian (all official); other

RELIGIONS Muslim 51%, Orthodox 31%, Roman Catholic 15%, atheist 1%, agnostic 1%, other 1%

HEALTH 10% of GDP

EDUCATION NA

MILITARY 0.8% of GDP (133rd

LABOR FORCE 

Agriculture 7%, industry 29%, services 64%

PCVs 2000–2002   CURRENT 0; TTD 21

Bosnia & Herzegovina

Picnics are a familiar sight under Mostar's famous 16th-century Ottoman bridge. Mostar has long been known for its old Turkish houses and the Old Bridge—Stari Most—from which the town takes its name. The scene along the Neretva River is idyllic today, but this mixed Christian-Muslim town was synonymous with conflict during the Bosnian War of the early 1990s, including in 1995, when the historic bridge was destroyed. It was rebuilt in 2004 and today is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Geoffrey Adam Parker © 2017
U.S. Foreign Service, 2010–present






​Adult Books

Queen of Water
By Laura Resau & María Virginia Farinango

2011, YA

Summary:

This coming-of-age story is about a girl taken as a slave who ends up on a journey of self-discovery. She has a tumultuous upbringing in an indigenous peasant family in Ecuador. She is sent to live with a mestizo family (the Spanish upper class) for eight years as their nanny and maid. While the living conditions are an improvement over her family's small farm, she endures physical and verbal abuse and is denied an education. Narrating in a singular, authentic voice, Virginia dreams of escape, but her broken identity leaves her directionless. Along the way, though, she employs her imagination, persistence, and hard-won wisdom to recover her strength and freedom. The protagonist grapples with the enormous sociocultural gap between the indigenous people and the mestizos. The hallmark of this book is strong character development set in a complex and polarized social setting.


Editorial Reviews:

From Booklist

*Starred Review* In a desperately poor Andean village in Ecuador, 7-year-old Virginia is sold off by her indigena (Indian) parents as a servant to an academic, mestizo family. In her new home, the wife beats her, the husband gropes her, and she is insulted as a longa tonta (stupid Indian). Still, she teaches herself to read and write and begins to perform science experiments in secret. Then, when she is 12, she finally gets a chance to return to her parents: But does she want to? And do they want her? Virginia does travel back to her indigena family, but there is not the expected sweet reunion. Ashamed of her illiterate parents and bitter that they gave her away, Virginia is uncomfortable in the family's mud-walled shack, where she cannot speak the language and hates the hard work. Could she go back to being enslaved in the mestizo family's clean "prison"? Rooted in Farinango's true story, the honest, first-person, present-tense narrative is occasionally detailed and repetitive, but it dramatizes the classic search for home with rare complexity and no sentimentality or easy resolutions. Virginia's conflicts with her birth parents and her employers are heartbreaking, even as she finds a way to attend school and shape a more hopeful future. A moving, lyrical novel that will particularly resonate with teens caught between cultures. Grades 8-12. -- Hazel Rochman

Starred Review, Booklist, February 15, 2011:
"A moving, lyrical novel that will particularly resonate with teens caught between cultures."


Starred Review, Publishers Weekly, May 9, 2011:
"The authors' candid narrative richly depicts Virginia's passage from a childhood filled with demoralization to a young woman who sees her life through new eyes."


Starred Review, School Library Journal, June 2011:
"This is a poignant coming-of-age novel that will expose readers to the exploitation of girls around the world whose families grow up in poverty."


​Kids' Books

Green Was My Forest
By Edna Iturrald; translated by Jessica Powell

Publisher: Simsbury, CT: Mandel Vilar Press, 2018.

Format: 114 pgs; Illus, maps.

ISBN: 979–1-942134-60-2

Age Range: 8-12 yrs.

Summary:

A collection of twelve short stories about each of Ecuador's six remaining Amazon indigenous groups, told from the point-of-view of the indigenous children themselves. In simple language, the stories explore the culture, customs and ancestral wisdom of the indigenous groups living in the Ecuadorian Amazon, highlighting their collective love, respect and care of the natural world. These stories portray the way of life of the people who live in Ecuadorian Amazonia known for its forest, exotic animals, and indigenous towns.


​Films

Film:  Amazing Quest: Stories from Ecuador
Genre: Free Documentary (Somewhere on Earth series)
Run Time:  52 minutes

​Music

​Recipes

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